Objective. Obesity increases risk of many adverse outcomes, but its early origins are
obscure. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) reflects a metabolically altered fetal
environment associated with high birth weight, itself associated with later obesity. Previous
studies of GDM and offspring obesity, however, have been few and conflicting. The
objectives of this study were to examine associations of birth weight and GDM with
adolescent body mass index (BMI) and to determine the extent to which the effect of GDM is …