A sodium-dependent phosphate transporter (type II Na/Pi-cotransporter) was isolated which is expressed in apical membranes of proximal tubules and exhibits transport characteristics similar as described for renal reabsorption of phosphate. Type II associated Na/Pi-cotransport is electrogenic and results obtained by electrophysiological measurements support a transport model having a stoichiometry of 3 Na⁺/HPO₄ ⁼. Changes of transport such as by parathyroid hormone and altered dietary intake of phosphate correlate with changes of the number of type II cotransporters in the apical membrane. These data suggest that the type II Na/Pi-cotransporter represents the main target for physiological and pathophysiological regulation.